Thor's Hammer
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Suppliers of Recycled & Environmentally Sustainable
Timbers, Milled Products and Joinery

Timber Species: -

An excellent book for more detailed information on Australian timbers is Wood In Australia by Keith R. Bootle. For explanation of durability ratings see the table Natural Durability.

Timber

Description

Durability

In ground Above ground

Scientific Name


BLACKBUTT

Light brown coastal hardwood, darker than the ash species with a deeper colour. Very dense & hard.

2

1

E. pilularis

E. andrewsii

E. campanulata


BRUSHBOX

Varies in colour from a rich reddish brown to a pinkish grey. Very hard wearing because of the high silica content. Found in old wharf decks, structural beams & floorboards.

3

3

Lophostemon confertus


MIXED RED HARDWOODS

Species include Red Mahogany, Forest Red Gum, Blue Gum, Rose Gum, Bloodwood & Southern Mahogany. Colour varies from pinky red to deep purply red.

2

1

Red Mahogany: E. resinifera

Forest Red Gum: E. tereticornis

Blue Gum: E. saligna


CYPRESS

Yellow soft wood (although very dense for a softwood), with distinctive brown winter growth, and many small knots. Termite resistant.

2

1

Callitiris glauca


JARRAH

Fine-grained hardwood. Often used for warehouse/industrial floors in the past. Old Jarrah boards have a deep red hue not found in timber from smaller and younger trees.

2

2

Eucalyptus marginata


KAURI PINE

Clean, buttery yellow softwood. In high demand for matching old floors. Originally harvested from QLD & New Zealand

3

4

Agathis australis

Agathis robusta


MIXED ASH/OAK

Oak or Tas Oak is a trade name for mixed Ash species. Species include Mountain Ash, Alpine Ash, Silvertop Ash, & Messmate. Colours vary from pale yellow to pink and light brown.

3-4

2-3

Mountain Ash: E. regnans,

Silvertop Ash: E. seiberi


MOUNTAIN ASH

Light coloured pale ash. Not as hard as Silvertop Ash.

4

3

Eucalyptus regnans


RIMU

Light silvery brown softwood. Often with distinctive streaks of red or yellow. Now very rare. Originally imported from New Zealand.

4

4

Dacrydium cupressinum


SPOTTED GUM

Greeny to reddish to chocolate brown hardwood. Similar grain structure to blackbutt, although will often have more fiddle back. Less common in demolitions than blackbutt.

2

1

Corymbia maculata or Corymbia citriodora


TALLOWOOD

Hard and durable. Yellow brown with a touch of olive green. Very consistent in grain & colour.

1

1

Eucalyptus microcorys


TURPENTINE

Very durable & hard. Resistant to marine borer, was used in wharf construction. Reddy brown in colour.

2

1

Syncarpia glomulifera


IRONBARK

RED & GREY

Very dense durable hardwoods sourced mainly from old bridges & large structures. Red Ironbark varies from deep red to a browny red, Grey Ironbark varies from chocolate brown to dark red.

1

1

Red Ironbark:

E. sideroxylon

E. crebra

E.fibrosa

Grey Ironbark:

E. paniculata

E. drepanophylla


Natural Durability

These classes give an approximate rating for the expected life of untreated and unfinished timbers.  The following table is a guide to approximate usable life expectancy:

 Class
Probable in-ground life expectancy Probable above-ground life expectancy
1 >25 years >40 years
2 15-25 years 15-40 years
3 5-15 years 7-15 years
4 0-5 years 0-7 years