Timbers, Milled Products and Joinery
Timber Species: -
- Blackbutt
- Brushbox
- Mixed Red Hardwoods
- Cypress
- Jarrah
- Kauri Pine
- Mixed Ash/Oak
- Mountain Ash
- Rimu
- Spotted Gum
- Tallowood
- Turpentine
- Ironbark
An excellent book for more detailed information on Australian timbers is Wood In Australia by Keith R. Bootle. For explanation of durability ratings see the table Natural Durability.
|
Timber |
Description |
Durability In ground Above ground |
Scientific Name |
|
|
|
Light brown coastal hardwood, darker than the ash species with a deeper colour. Very dense & hard. |
2 |
1 |
E. pilularis E. andrewsii E. campanulata |
|
|
Varies in colour from a rich reddish brown to a pinkish grey. Very hard wearing because of the high silica content. Found in old wharf decks, structural beams & floorboards. |
3 |
3 |
Lophostemon confertus |
|
|
Species include Red Mahogany, Forest Red Gum, Blue Gum, Rose Gum, Bloodwood & Southern Mahogany. Colour varies from pinky red to deep purply red. |
2 |
1 |
Red Mahogany: E. resinifera Forest Red Gum: E. tereticornis Blue Gum: E. saligna |
|
|
Yellow soft wood (although very dense for a softwood), with distinctive brown winter growth, and many small knots. Termite resistant. |
2 |
1 |
Callitiris glauca |
|
|
Fine-grained hardwood. Often used for warehouse/industrial floors in the past. Old Jarrah boards have a deep red hue not found in timber from smaller and younger trees. |
2 |
2 |
Eucalyptus marginata |
|
|
Clean, buttery yellow softwood. In high demand for matching old floors. Originally harvested from QLD & New Zealand |
3 |
4 |
Agathis australis Agathis robusta |
|
|
Oak or Tas Oak is a trade name for mixed Ash species. Species include Mountain Ash, Alpine Ash, Silvertop Ash, & Messmate. Colours vary from pale yellow to pink and light brown. |
3-4 |
2-3 |
Mountain Ash: E. regnans, Silvertop Ash: E. seiberi |
|
|
Light coloured pale ash. Not as hard as Silvertop Ash. |
4 |
3 |
Eucalyptus regnans |
|
|
Light silvery brown softwood. Often with distinctive streaks of red or yellow. Now very rare. Originally imported from New Zealand. |
4 |
4 |
Dacrydium cupressinum |
|
|
Greeny to reddish to chocolate brown hardwood. Similar grain structure to blackbutt, although will often have more fiddle back. Less common in demolitions than blackbutt. |
2 |
1 |
Corymbia maculata or Corymbia citriodora |
|
|
Hard and durable. Yellow brown with a touch of olive green. Very consistent in grain & colour. |
1 |
1 |
Eucalyptus microcorys |
|
|
Very durable & hard. Resistant to marine borer, was used in wharf construction. Reddy brown in colour. |
2 |
1 |
Syncarpia glomulifera |
|
IRONBARK RED & GREY |
Very dense durable hardwoods sourced mainly from old bridges & large structures. Red Ironbark varies from deep red to a browny red, Grey Ironbark varies from chocolate brown to dark red. |
1 |
1 |
Red Ironbark: E. sideroxylon E. crebra E.fibrosa Grey Ironbark: E. paniculata E. drepanophylla |
Natural Durability
These classes give an approximate rating for the expected life of untreated and unfinished timbers. The following table is a guide to approximate usable life expectancy:
| Class |
Probable in-ground life expectancy | Probable above-ground life expectancy |
| 1 | >25 years | >40 years |
| 2 | 15-25 years | 15-40 years |
| 3 | 5-15 years | 7-15 years |
| 4 | 0-5 years | 0-7 years |












